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Stages of a great start in swimming: top 5 advice

September 30, 2021

Performing a proper start in swimming greatly impacts the overall performance of your swim and your score. Proper swimming track start technique not only facilitates extreme speeding up but also guarantees optimal gliding through the water and establishes the rhythm for your entire swim. A correct start brings a gain of 0.2 - 0.4seconds on the average. To gain a time advantage, it is important to read and remember the descriptions of proper starting techniques we are going to provide further.

Relevant ways for a great swimming start

These practices aren't one-size-fits-all; instead, they are finely tuned to optimize a swimmer's performance in their chosen discipline. Here's a closer look at how these tailored practices can have a profound impact on a swimmer's overall performance.

The Low Position Stance

If you’re wondering how to start in swimming this stance begins in a low crouched position on the starting block. This is essential for harnessing your explosive power and ensuring a swift takeoff. As you prepare to launch, tilt your torso forward dramatically while simultaneously lowering your front arms. This posture is designed to achieve several critical objectives.

Firstly, the strong forward tilt of your torso allows you to position your body weight over your arms and legs, enabling a rapid shift of balance. This, in turn, facilitates the quick initiation of the push-off with your legs, giving you a crucial advantage over your competitors. By angling your torso forward, you're primed to engage your core and leg muscles, creating the potential for a powerful and dynamic start.

Secondly, lowering your front arms helps to streamline your body, reducing air resistance during the dive. This aerodynamic positioning ensures that you move efficiently through the air, extending the distance of your initial glide underwater.

In essence, this technique aims to maximize your propulsion while minimizing resistance. It's a blend of biomechanics and precision timing, where the coordinated effort of your body from the low crouched position to the swift push-off allows you to surge ahead of other athletes. It's the perfect dive swimming start, setting the tone for a successful race by capitalizing on your physical capabilities and the laws of fluid dynamics. Diligent practice and fine-tuning of this technique can make all the difference in competitive swimming.

The poised stance

Stand with your torso inclined forward and your arms drawn back and raised above your head. This position maximizes your potential energy, ready to convert it into forward momentum. As the starting signal sounds, the goal is to generate the most powerful leg thrust possible off the starting block in swimming. This force propels you through the air, extending the distance of your initial dive into the water.

The objective during this phase is to stay as streamlined as possible. Streamlining reduces water resistance, allowing you to maintain speed and glide efficiently. As you enter the water, aim to do so seamlessly, almost like a sleek arrow piercing the surface. This minimizes turbulence and further reduces drag.

Immediately after the track start dive, the swimmer transitions into the stroke with precision and speed. The start sets the tone for the entire race, as a well-executed start can provide a crucial advantage by covering more distance in less time and conserving energy for the ensuing laps. Therefore, practice, technique refinement, and perfect timing are essential for achieving a great swimming start, giving you the edge in the competition.

The Jump Start

The technique employed by legendary swimmer J. Weissmuller, a multiple world record holder in crawl swimming, was a distinctive and groundbreaking approach during his time. It involved beginning the race from a highly specialized position, enhancing his ability to dominate in the water.

Weissmuller's block start technique began with a unique stance: he stood in a bent position with his toes gripping the edge of the raft or pedestal. His arms were dragged back, poised for an explosive swing forward. This unconventional posture allowed him to harness his strength and balance, setting the stage for a remarkable start.

Upon hearing the starting signal, Weissmuller commenced by a vigorous arm swing coupled with a robust leg push. This coordinated movement launched him into the water with exceptional speed and precision. His fingers would make contact with the surface at a remarkable distance of 3 meters from the preliminary point.

Once submerged, Weissmuller's underwater prowess came into play. He had the ability to swim underwater at a depth of just 60 cm, demonstrating incredible control and hydrodynamics. This underwater phase allowed him to maintain momentum and reduce water resistance, giving him a strategic advantage over his competitors.

Emerging from his underwater glide, Weissmuller would resurface at an impressive distance of 6 meters from the starting point. This skillful combination of a powerful track start, efficient underwater phase, and resurfacing distance showcased his unparalleled talent and innovation in aquatic sports.

Hands gripping the platform

Its features are low starting posture, powerful push. The athlete's hands at the moment of push-off and flight remain behind and are transferred forward only before touching the water. The departure is made on a higher trajectory. To perform this variant of the start, the swimmer needs good coordination of movements.  

In the initial stance, the swimmer's feet are positioned approximately 10-15 cm apart, and their toes firmly clutch the edge of the post. Upon receiving the command, the swimmer flexes their knees, leans forward, and grasps the bedside table's edge with their hands. Notably, the swimmer's center of mass (DCM) extends beyond the front edge of the support during this maneuver. The grab start may be narrower or wider than the position of the feet, on the side of the bollard. Upon the starter's signal, the swimmer energetically propels themselves from the bollard's edge using their hands, flexes their legs at both the knee and ankle joints, and advances their body forward. The arms move forward and up, the legs and body simultaneously straighten forward and up.

To perform this variant of starting platform swimming it was necessary to modernize the starting bollard. Its main advantage is a significant reduction in the time from the signal to the feet coming off the support. Currently, most athletes perform this type of start.

The forward handstand

It is recognized as the most effective and is still used by swimmers today. From the initial stance (where the torso is inclined forward to a horizontal level, feet spaced 10-15 cm apart, knees bent at an angle between 150 and 170 degrees, the center of mass (OCM) situated beyond the front edge of the support, and arms drawn backward), the swimmer, upon receiving the signal, flexes their knees and propels their body forward by bending their legs at a 90-degree angle. Arms swing in the direction downward-front-upward so that the middle of this movement aligns with the commencement of the leg push.

The practices associated with starting techniques in swimming are highly specialized and tailored to meet the distinct demands of each swimming style.

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